Tag: ciracas.id

Quality Control of Turmeric Rhizome (Curcuma domestica Val) as Traditional Medicine from Wonogiri, Central Java

Turmeric is one of the plants that can be used as traditional medicine. To improve the quality of turmeric as
a traditional medicine, turmeric must be free from contamination of pesticide residues, aflatoxin, pathogen
bacteria, and curcumin content contained therein. The aim of this research was to investigate the
contamination of endosulfan and malathion pesticides, aflatoxin B1, Escherichia coli microbial
contamination, Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as to know the
content of curcumin contained in turmeric rhizomes. The sample in this research was taken from Wonogiri
region of Central Java, Indonesia by random sampling. The methods used were HPLC for Aflatoxin B1
analysis and curcumin and Gas Chromatography for residual pesticide analysis of Endosulfan and
Malathion pesticides. Microbial testing included the establishment of Total Plate Count, AKK, MPN
Coliform, and analysis of Escherichia coli microbial contamination, Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus
and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results showed that the samples were not contaminated by Aflatoxin B1
and Endosulfan pesticides, but contained a residual malathion with levels of 0.014 mg/kg. Microbial test
results showed that the turmeric samples from the Wonogiri market did not meet the quality requirements
due to contamination of Salmonella sp. and the chopped AKK exceeded the specified limits.

Screening of Antibacterial Potency and Molecular Identification of Endophytic Bacteria from Soursop Leaf (Annona muricata L.)

Soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) is one of the medicinal plants identified as a source of endophytic
bacteria producing secondary metabolites. Several studies have reported that secondary metabolite
compounds extracted from soursop leaves have inhibitory activity against pathogenic bacteria and fungi and
have anticancer activity. This study aims to isolate endophytic bacteria of soursop leaf and identify
molecular isolates producing antibacterial metabolites by PCR method. This study began with endophytic
bacterial isolation of soursop leaves, followed by screening for antibacterial potency using disc diffusion
method and identification of molecular isolates which had the highest antibacterial activity. After isolation,
three isolates were obtained: BW-1LM, BW-2LP, and BW-3LK. The result of antibacterial activity test
showed that BW-1LM isolate had the highest activity against bacterium of Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella
typhi test. Molecular identification was obtained by BW-1LW isolate having 99% similarity level to
Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13 strain. The conclusion is soursop leaves contains endophytic bacteria which
have antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella typhi.